This project presents a minimal example of geofence node running on the official Node-RED image. (Project sources available at github.)
To run this directly in docker at it's simplest just run
docker run -it -p 1880:1880 --name geofnodered lunasilvestre/geofencenodered
Let's dissect that command...
docker run - run this container... and build locally if necessary first.
-it - attach a terminal session so we can see what is going on
-p 1880:1880 - connect local port 1880 to the exposed internal port 1880
--name geofnodered - give this machine a friendly local name
lunasilvestre/geofencenodered - the image to base it on
Running that command should give a terminal window with a running instance of Node-RED
Welcome to Node-RED
===================
8 Apr 12:13:44 - [info] Node-RED version: v0.14.5
8 Apr 12:13:44 - [info] Node.js version: v4.4.7
.... etc
You can then browse to http://localhost:1880 to get the familiar Node-RED desktop.